China is emerging as a major global producer of luxury food products that were once largely imported, extending its reach into both domestic consumption and international markets.

New data and industry reports show that the world’s second-largest economy now plays a dominant role in the production and export of delicacies such as caviar, foie gras and other upscale foods, driven by government support, expanding infrastructure and growing consumer appetite.

In the case of caviar, China has become a dominant force in the global market.

Chinese producers, most notably the Kaluga Queen brand developed with expertise from the country’s agriculture ministry, account for a significant share of world output.

In 2024, Kaluga Queen alone produced about two hundred and sixty tonnes of caviar, representing roughly thirty-five percent of the global total.

This surge has reshaped global trade in sturgeon roe, particularly since traditional suppliers such as Russia have scaled back exports following geopolitical disruptions.

China’s rise in foie gras production is also notable.

Regions such as Anhui and Shandong have built significant foie gras industries based on farming of Landes geese, a breed introduced from France.

These operations now supply large volumes to upscale domestic restaurants and have begun exporting to markets such as Japan and the European Union.

Overall, industry estimates suggest that Chinese producers account for around thirty to forty-five percent of global foie gras output, indicating that China is no longer a peripheral player but a central source of the delicacy.

Beyond caviar and foie gras, China’s agricultural landscape is diversifying into other high-value categories.

Domestic macadamia production, for example, has grown rapidly in provinces such as Yunnan; the region’s share of global output rose markedly in recent years, positioning China as a top producer.

Cherry production has similarly expanded, with provinces like Shandong emerging as significant national hubs.

Truffle exports have increased sharply, and other products such as wagyu-style beef and premium nuts are gaining traction both at home and abroad.

Much of this expansion reflects targeted local government policies that encourage farmers to shift to higher-value crops and support investment in modern agricultural infrastructure.

Subsidies, research support, and infrastructure improvements have all played a role in scaling up production beyond traditional staples to premium items that fetch higher prices and appeal to middle- and upper-income consumers.

China’s luxury food boom has implications for global trade and agricultural competition.

By increasing its share of production and exports in multiple premium categories, the country is challenging traditional supply patterns and altering market dynamics that were once centered in Western Europe and North America.

At the same time, rising domestic demand — even amid broader economic headwinds — continues to support the growth of these segments within China’s vast food market.